Regulation of gut luminal serotonin by commensal microbiota in mice
The current recommendation is for patients with HE to maintain the same diet as other patients with cirrhosis, because there is no evidence that dietary protein restriction prevents episodes of HE.38,39 Despite the effort to maintain their nutrition, certain patients with cirrhosis present with sarcopenia and there is evidence suggesting that said loss of skeletal muscle mass is associated with the risk for developing minimal HE or overt HE.40,41 In theory, HE prevention could be helped by attempting to improve nutritional status and muscle mass through a protein-rich diet and a high-protein snack before going to bed.38,42 In addition, exercise and branched-chain amino acids have been studied as therapeutic options for treating sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis and the results have been satisfactory.43 Branched-chain amino acids were also analyzed in a Cochrane review as a therapeutic option for HE, and they were shown to significantly increase the number of patients that had HE improvement.44 Increased expression of myostatin or growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF-8) belonging to the transforming growth factor- (TGF-) family of proteins was shown in the muscle mass of cirrhotic patients
Li ch trn bnh tim mch: Mt trong nhng im ni bt nht ca Semaglutide l kh nng c chng minh trong vic gim nguy c cc bin c bnh tim mch ln (nh au tim, t qu, t vong do tim mch) bnh nhn tiu ng type 2 c tin s bnh tim mch
They appear to have other benefits in the body as well, such as a positive impact on the heart, kidneys, and liver
Although a direct causal link cannot be conclusively established, several biological mechanisms support the plausibility of a connection
