Differential diagnosis of coma or sedation of unknown origin (to check if benzodiazepine involvement exists) --- Dosage (Adults): Initial dose: 0.2 mg IV over 15 seconds If no response, give 0.3 mg after 30 seconds May repeat 0.5 mg every 30 seconds up to a total of 3 mg (occasionally 5 mg if needed) --- Side Effects: Nausea and vomiting Dizziness Agitation or anxiety Headache Seizures (especially in patients dependent on benzodiazepines or co-ingesting tricyclic antidepressants) Arrhythmias (rare) --- Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to flumazenil Chronic benzodiazepine users (can trigger withdrawal and seizures) Patients with seizure disorders treated with benzodiazepines Mixed drug overdose (especially tricyclic antidepressants) --- Precautions: Continuous monitoring required for respiration and consciousness Risk of re-sedation after initial reversal due to flumazenils short half-life Use cautiously in hepatic impairment --- Storage: Store below 25C, protected from light

The overall risk in the general population is 0.1%
[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 31.Hwang J, Yoo JA, Yoon H, Han T, Yoon J, An S, et al
The metabolic improvements associated with GLP-1 agonist use, including better glucose control and weight management, may indirectly contribute to improved brain health
Dyah Novita Anggraini
It is usually recommended for smaller internal hemorrhoids