It directly stimulates pro-opiomelanocortin/cocaine-and-amphetamine-regulated transcript (POMC/CART) neurons and indirectly inhibits neuropeptide-Y/agouti-related protein (NPY/AgRP) neurons through GABA neurotransmission, reducing appetite and promoting weight loss [40]
Good sources include fish, chicken, turkey, eggs, dairy, tofu, beans, lentils, nuts, and seeds
Some research protocols have explored doses up to 4.5 mg weekly, which showed slightly greater efficacy in the phase 2 dose-finding trial but also increased side effect burden
Only dark, brown-stained cells were counted
History and targeted exam Ask specifically: character of pain, duration, relationship to fatty meals, presence of fever, any change in urine or stool color (dark urine suggests bilirubinuria), nausea with or without vomiting
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