bound to protein Vitamin B 12 is available for absorption after it has been produced by the gastric mucosa
This deficiency can stem from various causes, such as impaired gastric absorption due to factors like gastrectomy, bariatric surgery, and pernicious anemia (PA), impaired intestinal absorption from conditions like ileal resection and chronic pancreatitis, decreased intake, hemolysis, HIV, and drug-induced effects, such as from alcohol, proton pump inhibitors, and metformin
They obtained good short- and medium-term results compared to the control arm undergoing extracorporeal shock waves (ESWT) [14]
One source says add 1mL to a 10mg vial
One case report used a regimen of 1,000 g intramuscular vitamin B12 daily for 14 days followed by monthly injections
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