As with any peptide not yet FDA-approved, long-term safety data remains limited
LF inhibits the release of IL-1 in the liver (34), suppresses the expression of monocytes chemochemin-1 (MCP-1) in the liver and adipose tissue of epididymis in obese mice (35), decreases the levels of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in mice fed a high-fat diet (36), mainly by inhibiting LPS-induced secretion of IL-6 by human monocyte cell lines (37), down-regulating LPS-stimulated secretion of IL-10 by macrophages (38), and inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 (39), and upregulates lipocalin expression ( Figure 1 In T2DM mice, LF ameliorates pancreatic dysfunction by reducing inflammatory responses through regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Clinicians must, therefore, extrapolate from established principles for GLP-1 switching namely, avoiding direct dose equivalence and prioritising patient safety as per individual drug summary of product characteristics
Are older than 80 years
Q: Why do so many individuals regain weight after stopping GLP-1 medications
In fact, Im almost serious
