The process through which NAION destroys vision involves these sequential pathological events: Sudden blood supply disruption: Short posterior ciliary arteries feeding the optic nerve become blocked or experience severe flow reduction, starving nerve tissue Immediate nerve tissue death: Ischemic damage kills optic nerve cells within hours once dead, these neurons cannot regenerate Compartment syndrome: Initial swelling compresses remaining healthy nerve fibers in the confined scleral canal space, creating cascading damage Permanent structural changes: The optic nerve develops atrophy, with dead tissue replaced by glial scarring unable to transmit visual signals NAION commonly affects individuals with crowded optic discs or disc at risk, where cup-to-disc ratio measures 0.2 or less
2024 Sep 19;263(1):e240046
Stromal cell-derived factor-1 is upregulated by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition and has protective roles in progressive diabetic nephropathy
Herrington W.G., Staplin N., et al
Im scared of looking fake if I do anything. People want tightening and structure, not overfilled. They want to look like themselves, just steadier, firmer, and more refreshed
The Phase 2 trial data showed an average of 7.9% body weight loss at 24 weeks for the 4 mg group and 17.5% for the 12 mg group