Common side effects are rare but may include: Mild gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea or diarrhoea (though less common with sublingual than oral routes) Headache or dizziness in some users Skin reactions, including itching or rash, particularly in individuals sensitive to cobalt (a component of cobalamin) Unlike some other B vitamins, oral B12 supplements rarely affect urine colour
Holotranscobalamin (holoTC) reflects B12 levels in the body too
Mariat D, Firmesse O, Levenez F, et al
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Therefore, interpreting and generalizing the results should be done with caution due to confounding factors such as the concurrent administration of immunosuppressants, which might be substrates or inhibitors of ABCG2 transporters
Mice were randomly culled by cardiac puncture under isoflurane anesthesia 12 h after OXA injection until the end of the experiment