Further analyses of iron ion levels and the lipid peroxidation markers GSH and MDA revealed that Fe 2+ and MDA levels were significantly higher following PE treatment relative to levels in control cells, while GSH levels were significantly reduced, and PQQ treatment significantly reversed all three of these PE-induced changes (Figures 4BD)
The compound exists in both reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) forms, with the reduced form being the active antioxidant state
Safety and pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral fosmanogepix, a first-in-class antifungal agent, in healthy volunteers
In: Ballantyne B, Marrs TC, Syversen T, editors
Endogenous glutathione synthesis occurs primarily in the liver through a two-step enzymatic pathway involving glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL) and glutathione synthetase
Evaluation of environmental and nutritional aspects of bee pollen samples collected from East Black Sea region, Turkey, via elemental analysis by ICP-MS