doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1562896 Received 23 January 2025 Accepted 05 May 2025 Published 02 June 2025 Corrected 09 June 2025 Volume 16 - 2025 Edited by Ahmed Ghallab, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Germany Reviewed by Madlen Matz-Soja, Leipzig University, Germany Mohamed Albadry, University Hospital Jena, Germany Updates Copyright 2025 Sun, Shang, Lv, Liu, Wu and Geng
During GLP-1associated weight loss, lean-mass changes are typically adaptive and preventable , not degenerative. GLP-1 Body Composition Changes: What Clinical Trials Show About Muscle Loss Clinical trials and body-composition sub-studies of semaglutide and tirzepatide consistently demonstrate: Fat mass accounts for most weight lost during treatment. Lean mass may decrease , particularly without resistance training or adequate protein intake. In many patients, the proportion of lean mass relative to total body weight is preserved or improved , because fat loss exceeds lean loss. Key clinical insight: GLP-1/GIP therapies improve overall body composition by preferentially reducing fat massnot by causing muscle breakdown. Lean mass refers to all the non-fat tissues in the bodyprimarily skeletal muscle , but also organs, bones, connective tissue, and body waterthat support metabolism, movement, and overall physical function
Oxidative stress, glutamate, and neurodegenerative disorders
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Human growth hormone and human aging
This targeted response reduces the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), promoting steadier glucose control and improved overall metabolic health
