The tumor suppressor protein p53 and the ferroptosis network
10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac123 21
68 In non-transformed cells, NRF2 promotes the entry of cysteine into the taurine synthesis pathway via CDO1, 69 and modestly limits the accumulation of cysteine and glutathione synthesis
High dose oral cobalamin may be a suitable alternative in selective cases, where intramuscular injections are not tolerated and compliance is not a problem
Individuals who consume lower amounts of red meat or animal products may naturally have lower dietary intake of carnitine, which is one reason supplementation is commonly explored among athletes and active individuals
Mitochondrial-mediated ROS cause oxidative damage to cellular structures, particularly mitochondrial DNA, somatic mutations, genome instability, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, alterations in metabolic and signaling pathways with simultaneous activation of compensatory antioxidant mechanisms, all of which contribute to cell transformation and thus promote various types of cancer [42]
