Abbreviations 4-PBA: 4-Phenylbutyric acid AGEs: Advanced glycation end-products Akt: Protein kinase B AMPK: Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase ATF4: Activating transcription factor 4 ATG: Autophagy-related ATP: Adenosine triphosphate BCL-2: B-cell lymphoma-2 CaMKK: Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase cAMP: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate Drp1: Dynamin-related protein 1 eIF2: Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 eNOS: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase ER: Endoplasmic reticulum ERS: Endoplasmic reticulum stress Fis1: Fission-1 protein GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide-1 GLP-1R: GLP-1 receptor HUVECs: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells LC3: Light chain 3 LDL: Low-density lipoprotein MCP-1: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 mTOR: Mammalian targets of rapamycin mtROS: Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species NADPH: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NF-B: Nuclear factor-B NO: Nitric oxide PERK: PKR-like ER-resident kinase PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase PINK1: Phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 PKC: Protein kinase C ROS: Reactive oxygen species RPE: Retinal pigment epithelial Wnt: Wingless/integrated References Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S, Pinkepank M, Ogurtsova K, Duncan BB, et al
Key Features 10mg Epitalon (Epithalon) per vial Synthetic tetrapeptide with AEDG sequence 99% verified purity Sterile lyophilized powder Independently third-party tested High-quality manufacturing standards Suitable for laboratory and in vitro research Secure packaging for research laboratories Storage Instructions To help maintain product integrity and long-term stability: Store at 20C whenever possible
It's been studied in monkeys and rabbits and all of that information was extrapolated to humans
Pregnancy and breastfeeding are handled differently across products, with the weight-management versions generally advised against during pregnancy
10.3390/nu16020182 66 CassaniE.PriviteraG.PezzoliG.PusaniC.MadioC.IorioL.et al
The average American consumes approximately 15 grams of fiber daily
