Established rheumatoid arthritis treatment requires disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) such as methotrexate, with biologic therapies for inadequate responders
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Less common but more serious risks exist as well
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References SURMOUNT-5 head-to-head trial (NEJM, May 2025) summary via American College of Cardiology: SURPASS-2 primary publication (NEJM, 2021): Eli Lilly SURMOUNT-1 results announcement (NEJM data): Insights into the Mechanism of Action of Tirzepatide (PMC narrative review): Tirzepatide is an imbalanced and biased dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist (PMC): SURMOUNT-5 GI tolerability / discontinuation data (Applied Clinical Trials, tctmd, DiabetesontheNet coverage): SURMOUNT-1 to -4 GI tolerability (Rubino 2025, Diabetes Obesity & Metabolism): Community sentiment context Reddit GLP-1 side-effect analysis and comparative meta-analyses (PMC): Research Use Only Notice: The content on this page is provided for informational and educational purposes only
Early- to mid-stage trials in people with obesity (with and without type 2 diabetes) have reported substantial average weight reductions over 48 weeks at higher doses, alongside improvements in measures like waist circumference, blood lipids and liver fat in those with metabolic fatty liver disease
